Climate change and its impacts on the biosphere have been components of Dr. Juliette Rooney-Varga’s teaching and research programs since she joined UMass Lowell in 1998. However, during the last few years, Rooney-Varga’s perspective has changed, as the vast majority of scientific evidence points to an Earth system that is changing more rapidly than previously thought. It is now clear that we are already feeling the impacts of a changing climate and that those changes are likely to intensify unless society chooses a different path.
Many of us are
loathe to learn more about climate change because of “doom-and-gloom
fatigue” - how much can one worry about
a problem that is as vast and seemingly unstoppable as climate change? Rooney-Varga sees it differently. Climate change is a complex problem with many
inter-related causes. There is no
‘silver bullet’ solution, but rather many solutions that are also, frequently,
inter-related. Examples include
technologies such as solar and wind energy, algal biodiesel, locally grown
food, and getting exercise while commuting (burn calories, not carbon!). Solutions even include harvesting electricity
from naturally occurring anaerobic bacteria in soils using ‘microbial fuel
cells’ (MFCs), in which bacteria transfer electrons to an anode in an
electrical circuit, much the same way that we transfer electrons to oxygen
during respiration. In fact, recent UML grad,
Sara Dunaj, used molecular biology approaches to better understand the
microbial communities in MFCs in Rooney-Varga’s lab, in collaboration with
Biology Chair, Dr. Mark Hines and Dr. Joe Vallino (Marine Biological
Laboratory, Woods Hole MA).
With the help of a $615K
grant from NASA’s Global Climate Change Education program, a team lead by
Rooney-Varga and including UMass Lowell faculty Craig Slatin, Robert Gamache,
Mathew Barlow, and Mitchell Shuldman are bringing climate change science and solutions
to UMass Lowell students, high school students, our broader community, and an
international online audience. The
project “Climate Change Education:
Science, Solutions, and Education in an Age of Media” is integrating
climate change science with video production by students to create a unique and
stimulating approach to global climate change education. Rooney-Varga is also the Director of UML’s
Climate Change Initiative, which reaches across the campus and is already
changing our local and worldview.
“Principles
of Biology,” our Freshman major’s course, is evolving, but it has nothing to do
with survival of the fittest! At the helm is Naomi Wernick, one of our
newest faculty, who’s goal doesn’t stop with to leaving no student behind, but
rather to “intelligently design” the course to maximize learning for all
students.
Naomi was an
Adjunct Assistant Professor at Bentley University for 4 years before coming to
UMass. Unlike most of us who live in (at least) two worlds – teaching and
research, which compete for our attention, her teaching methods and goals are
actually the heart of her research! She has conducted research concerning
the positioning of genomics in biology education, and is a founding member of
the KBM Journal of Science Education.
Dr. Naomi Wernick Prof. Tom Shea's team was awarded a $760,000 grant from the Army Research Labs to teach his mouse brain cultures to operate robots in Holly Yanco’s Robotics Lab in UML’s Computer Science Department.
For several years, the Army has funded Shea and his group to culture embryonic neurons in petri dishes containing “Multi-electrode arrays” in which 64 electrodes embedded in the base interface with MatLab software. Over time, these neurons form synapses and their signals can be recorded. Even better, they can be stimulated via the computer and can learn in much the same manner that they learn in the developing brain. Alternate training with inhibitory and excitatory signals teaches them when to send out their own signals or when to “stand down.” Shea and his colleagues are developing several applications for these neurons and their recorded signal patterns including spinal injury and motor neuron degeneration.
In this new award from the Army, Shea will put his science-fiction brains to work: Holly Yanco’s amazing robots will be set to operate in one of several modes depending upon the signals transmitted by Shea?s brain cultures. Applications will include sending a triggering response to the cultures when an unknown object is detected by a surveillance camera, causing the culture to generate one set of signals, versus sending an inhibitory signal when a known object is detected, causing the culture to cease sending specific signals or to send an alternate signal stream. Should “background” signals cease (e.g., if the neurons die or connection is broken), a warning signal is transmitted. The Army is particularly interested in how Shea’s “real” neuronal networks perform in comparison with the performance of computer-generated artificial neural networks.
Dear Friends of Biology at UMass Lowell,
Thanks for checking out our web site and our new Biology blog. We just created this blog so we could keep you informed of all the happenings in the Department. We plan to post reports of student events and activities, new faculty/student projects, and anything else that might interest all of you, our alumni, students, faculty and staff members, and all our biology buddies.
Don’t hesitate to send comments and suggestions, and even blog ideas. We would love to hear from you.
Looking forward to happy blogging,
Mark Hines, mark_hines@uml.edu
Department Chair
